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Cover of Life Studies by Robert Lowell

Life Studies

Robert Lowell · 1959

The book that founded confessional poetry. Lowell broke open the genteel conventions of American verse and wrote directly about his family's distinguished decline, his father's failures, his mother's neurosis, his own manic episodes and hospitalizations. "Skunk Hour," ending with "I myself am hell; / nobody's here," announced that the private life was now the proper subject of serious poetry. Plath, Sexton, and Berryman followed the door Lowell opened.

The case against

Not every reader connects with Life Studies. One describes the book as skipping “across my mind like a flat rock thrown across the water,” present but never sinking in, and another says flatly, “I could have read the user's guide to my dishwasher” and gotten as much out of it. The long prose section, 91 Revere Street, gets flagged as a pacing problem by readers who came for poems and hit a memoir instead. More than one reviewer reports a broad shrug rather than a targeted complaint: “I am completely disinterested in just about everything in this collection,” admits one, while another calls the whole reading experience “quite draining.” Readers who worked through the standalone poems against the combined edition's For the Union Dead half often rank the second book as the weaker addition, not worth the same attention.

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