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Cover of Ficciones by Jorge Luis Borges

Ficciones

Jorge Luis Borges · 1944

Technically a story collection, but Borges invented postmodern fiction's essential moves here: the infinite library, the forking path, the labyrinth as universe. Pynchon, Calvino, David Mitchell all descend from these pages. Published in 1944 in Buenos Aires, it rewired what fiction could think about.

The case against

Tlon opens the collection and stops readers cold, "found it almost completely impenetrable," with people setting the book down mid-story and starting over from scratch. The density reads to them as performance, "too much 'Listen to me I'm a genius,'" a writer one reader files as an "intellectual exhibitionist" more curious about what his characters mean than about what they feel. The twist-dependent entries suffer worst, The Shape of the Sword and Theme of the Traitor and the Hero landing as clever anecdotes that end "with a shrug rather than a shiver." Even Spanish-language readers report rereading single sentences and still missing them. One verdict: it "reads like the outline of a brilliant unwritten novel."

Literary Fiction · the Pro canon

The case for it and the rest of the canon open with Pro.

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